The Trump administration still plans to impose sanctions on Turkey and remove it from a critical fighter jet programme if the NATO ally acquires Russian air defences, despite the Turkish president’s assurances to the contrary.
After meeting US President Donald Trump at the G20 summit in Japan over the weekend, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Ankara would be spared the sanctions once Russia’s S-400 air defence system starts arriving in Turkey in coming days.
Trump appeared sympathetic to Erdogan at the talks and reluctant to publicly commit to sanctions despite being repeatedly asked by reporters.
But US government officials told Reuters news agency that, at least so far, the administration intends to impose sanctions on Turkey and pull it from the F-35 fighter jet programme if it takes delivery of the Russian S-400 system as expected.
“The United States has consistently and clearly stated that Turkey will face very real and negative consequences if it proceeds with its S-400 acquisition, including suspension of procurement and industrial participation in the F-35 programme and exposure to sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act (CAATSA),” a State Department spokesperson said.
At the Pentagon, spokesperson Air Force Lieutenant Colonel Mike Andrews said: “Nothing has changed.”
“Turkey’s purchase of the Russian S-400 air and missile defence system is incompatible with the F-35 programme. Turkey will not be permitted to have both systems,” Andrews said.
If the US removes Turkey from the F-35 programme and imposes sanctions, it would be one of the most significant ruptures in the recent history of the relationship between the two nations.
Trump, who has shown a rapport with Erdogan, could still try to change course by seeking to issue a waiver and postpone sanctions. Such a move would please Ankara but upset some of Trump’s allies in Congress.
However, Trump has broken with his advisers on other foreign policy decisions.
Last December, Trump announced plans to withdraw US troops from Syria after another conversation with Erdogan, despite opposition from US military advisers and US allies. He later scaled back the extent of the withdrawal to allow some troops to remain in Syria.
Speaking in Japan last week, Trump blamed former President Barack Obama’s administration for failing to help Turkey acquire a US alternative to the S-400s system – Patriot missiles, made by The Raytheon Company He said Erdogan was not at fault.
“He got treated very unfairly,” Trump said.
‘No discretion’
Even minor US sanctions could prompt another sharp sell-off in the Turkish lira. A 30 percent slide in the currency drove the economy into recession last year, and the lira has lost another 10 percent this year.
On Monday, hard-hit Turkish financial assets jumped after Erdogan’s latest upbeat remarks.
But a Trump decision to withhold or delay sanctions would be less difficult than backtracking on US threats to kick Turkey out of the F-35 programme, experts said.
The United States has said the S-400s are not compatible with NATO’s defence network and could compromise its Lockheed Martin F-35 stealth fighter jets, an aircraft Turkey is helping to build and planning to buy.
Republicans and Democrats in Congress are broadly opposed to allowing Turkey to have both systems.
To show it is serious, Washington has already started the process of removing Turkey from the F-35 programme. It has halted training of Turkish pilots in the US on the aircraft and refused to accept any others.
Some experts believe Trump could try to change course, potentially using a last-minute deal on Patriots as a way of saving face for him and Erdogan.
“Trump may try and get a waiver,” Aaron Stein, Director of the Middle East programme at think-tank FPRI.
“This may only buy 180 more days to reach a deal on Patriot, while S-400 is deployed, and Turkey is removed from the F-35 consortium,” he said.
“The end result is, in a best-case scenario for Turkey, a tenuous waiver from sanctions, an angry Congress, and a future without an aircraft Ankara has paid well over a billion dollars to procure.”
